Plain Weave Nonwovens Fabric
Plain Weave Nonwovens Fabric is a fabric made from short fibers that are assembled into sheets and then connected to one another by mechanical adhesion, needle punching, or adhesives. These fabrics are often used for industrial products such as carpet backing, filters, protective clothing, and geotextiles, among other things.
These fabrics are lightweight and weaker than woven or knit fabrics, which makes them ideal for single-use products such as wipes, disposable diapers, feminine hygiene products, and medical products. However, they do not have the same memory or laundering durability as woven or knit fabrics.
Some plain weave nonwovens are produced using the spunbond method of spinning polypropylene into long, thin fibers and then placing them into a web along a conveyor belt, bonded together with either a chemical, thermal or mechanical bonding process. They are then cooled and collected to form a nonwoven fabric that is strong enough to be used in filter media.
A number of nonwoven fabrics are formulated to meet specific needs, such as a high strength-to-weight ratio, low shrinkage, and good moisture permeability. They are also designed to have a variety of characteristics that allow them to be manipulated or reverse engineered to meet functional requirements.
Common woven fabrics include aertex, buckram, and sock cotton. Aertex is a lightweight, soft, and breathable fabric that’s used in making underwear, sportswear, and swimming suits. The fabric is made with tiny holes to maximize comfort and it’s suitable for hot, humid weather that can feel suffocating.
The other types of woven fabrics are chiffon, organza, and twill. Chiffon is a type of woven fabric that is formed by a simple perpendicular weaving pattern and organza is a weave with ribbed diagonal lines. Twill fabrics have threads that are woven over one or more warp threads and then under one or more weft threads. These fabrics are commonly seen in shirts, blouses, and skirts.
Spunbond and Melt-blown Nonwovens
The two most common types of nonwoven fabrics are spunbond and melt-blown. Both are manufactured from polypropylene, but spunbond is a more durable product that has less inherent strength than melt-blown. Generally, spunbond is combined with melt-blown to produce a layered fabric called SMS (spun-melt-spun).
Spunbond and SMS fabrics are typically manufactured from polypropylene, but they may be mixed with different fibers to tailor the nonwoven’s properties. They are often used in the manufacture of medical masks, baby diapers and feminine hygiene products, as well as in filtration applications where they can capture very fine particles. They are also commonly used in household goods, such as table covers and drapes, and mattress padding. They can be infused with dyes and other additives to create additional color variations and design options. These fabrics can be printed or embossed and they are available in a variety of materials and colors. They are also easy to wash and dry clean. They are odorless and non-irritating, making them popular for use in the cosmetic industry.